за
preposition
literally and figuratively
behind; behind; over
INST
something
за преде́лами, за преде́лы
beyond the bounds
GEN
of something
завёртывать за у́гол
turn a corner
at; at
INST
something
си́дя за пи́сьменным столо́м
sitting at the writing-table
садя́сь за пи́сьменный стол
sitting down at the writing-table
see also стол
at; in
INST
something
за ша́хматами
at chess
проводи́ть ве́чер за чте́нием, за игро́й
spend the evening in reading, in play, spend the evening reading, playing
застава́ть за чте́нием
find reading
ACC
someone
after; for; to; by; over
INST
something
сле́довать
follow
за INST
someone or something
охо́титься за волка́ми, за за́йцами
hunt wolves, hares
охо́титься
figuratively
hunt, be on the hunt
за INST
for someone or something
дверь затвори́лась за ним
the door closed on / behind him
for, or get, fetch, buy и т. д.
INST
something
ACC
something
быть
be
за ACC
for something
голосова́ть
vote
за ACC
for someone
награждённый
rewarded
see also награжда́ют
за ACC
for something
нака́занный
punished
за ACC
for something
благодари́ть
+
thank
ACC
someone
за ACC
for something
пла́та
pay
за ACC
for something
because of
INST
something
за недоста́тком
for want
GEN
of something
за отсу́тствием
in the absence
GEN
of something
за мо́лодостью лёт
because of one's youth
за ста́ростью лёт
because of one's age
for someone's sake; for
ACC
something
ра́доваться
be glad for (someone)'s sake
за ACC
someone
беспоко́иться
be anxious
за ACC
for someone
for; enough for; as
ACC
something
распи́сываться
sign
за ACC
for someone
за дире́ктора А. Ивано́в
Director p.p. A. Ivanov
for; during; in, within
ACC
something
at a distance of
ACC
something
за два́дцать киломе́тров от Москвы́
(at a distance of) twenty kilometres from Moscow
by
ACC
something
of motion
to
ACC
of time
during (close to в течение)
ACC
за вре́мя пребыва́ния в Москве́
during his stay in Moscow
за после́дние два́дцать лет
for the past twenty years (lt. during the last twenty years)
of time
with до
time before an event
ACC
instead of
ACC
of voting
in favor of
ACC
Он проголосова́л за строи́тельство но́вой шко́лы.
He voted for the construction of a new school.
of location
behind; beyond; on the other side of
INST
at; while
INST
за столо́м
at the table
за игро́й
while playing
за кни́гой
while reading (specifically a book)
за рабо́той
while working
за у́жином
while eating dinner
за чте́нием
while reading (nothing specific implied)
за рулём
at the wheel (driving a vehicle)
used in the following idiomatic expressions
(раньше на; note stress shift)
ACC
за неде́лю до пра́здников
a week before the holidays
ра́доваться за кого́-либо
to be happy for someone
боя́ться за кого́-либо
to be afraid for someone
брать кого́-либо за́ руку
to take someone by the hand
вести́ кого́-либо за́ руку
to lead someone by the hand